With the rapid development of urban social economy, the contradiction between energy supply and demand has become increasingly prominent. For power supply and distribution system, it is particularly important to promote energy-saving technical measures and equipment. Transformer is the core power distribution and dispatching equipment in power supply and distribution system. Its energy-saving and economic dispatching operation is the top priority of energy-saving research of power grid system. Taking reasonable measures to reduce transformer energy consumption is the key of power supply and distribution system.
1、 Key technologies for energy saving and consumption reduction of transformer
1.1 use of new materials
In the aspect of transformer manufacturing, using new materials instead of aluminum alloy or steel materials can enhance the corrosion resistance of transformer and reduce resistance, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction. At present, two new materials are more popular. The first is oxygen free copper material, which can effectively reduce the internal resistance of the coil of the distribution transformer and achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction. Oxygen free copper material has the characteristics of simple processing, convenient material selection and low cost. At the same time, it is also conducive to enhance the ability of distribution transformer to resist short circuit. The second is to use amorphous alloy material as the magnet material of distribution transformer. The iron core made of amorphous alloy material can effectively reduce the electromagnetic loss, so as to improve the economy of distribution transformer.
1.2 install automatic voltage regulator
The loss of transformer is closely related to the voltage of distribution network. By installing the corresponding compensation capacitor on the load tap gear of transformer, the operating voltage of distribution network can be optimized and adjusted appropriately. The automatic voltage regulator is a device that uses the three-phase coupling transformer to automatically adjust the transformation ratio according to the actual input voltage value of the distribution transformer to ensure the stability of the output voltage, so that the input voltage value can be automatically adjusted within 3% of the normal value, and the internal corresponding controller is used to control the voltage of the whole system in real time, so as to achieve a lot of energy conservation and consumption reduction.
1.3 economic operation mode of distribution transformer
The energy consumption of distribution transformer is not only related to the manufacturing materials and processing of distribution equipment, but also related to the operation mode of distribution transformer. Therefore, optimizing the operation mode of distribution transformer is the key to energy saving and consumption reduction of distribution transformer. At present, China still adopts the traditional operation mode of distribution transformer. This traditional operation mode of transformer is not reasonable, which leads to high energy consumption and can not meet the economic requirements.. In the actual distribution system, no power compensation can be used. The specific measure is to install the reactive power compensation element of parallel transformer in the distribution system, which can provide the reactive power consumed by inductive load. Common methods also include: first, grouping compensation of distribution transformer, and installing parallel non power consumption components at low voltage. Second, adopt advanced technical means to keep the three items in line with the long-term balanced working condition during transformer operation. In addition, an important technical means to reduce the operation loss of distribution transformer is to make the distribution transformer basically in balance by adjusting the balance of three-phase load. In the actual distribution transformer, when the three-phase load is unbalanced, it will lead to negative sequence voltage and system voltage fluctuation, so it also affects the energy consumption of the distribution system. When the three-phase of distribution transformer is unbalanced, it will not only increase its own energy consumption, but also increase the line loss. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the three-phase electricity.